Antip Konstantinovich Vozoulin (also known as Antip Konstantinov; 1610s, presumably Moscow — late 1650, Nizhny Novgorod) was a Russian architect of the first half of the 17th century, a royal master builder in stone, and a master of tent-roof architecture. He was born into the family of a stonemason named Konstantin, was orphaned early, and was adopted by the master builder Lavrentiy Vozoulin, from whom he received both his surname and his professional training.[2] A significant part of his creative career was connected with Nizhny Novgorod, where he began working and where he died.

The Nizhny Novgorod Period: Beginning and End of His Career

In the spring of 1628, Antip arrived in Nizhny Novgorod together with his stepfather to build a new stone Cathedral of the Archangel Michael on the site of a dilapidated ancient church.[1] In 1631, following the death of Lavrentiy Vozoulin, Antip took charge of completing the construction and successfully brought the cathedral to completion.[2] That same year, the monastic authorities of the The Ascension Pechersk Monastery for Men petitioned Moscow to send "Ontip Lavrentyev's stepson Vozoulin" along with stonemasons from Nizhny Novgorod and Balakhna to continue the work — this document is one of the earliest records mentioning the architect.[2]

In 1645–1650, already seriously ill, Antip returned to Nizhny Novgorod and continued to work. In 1645 he built the gate church of Yevfimiy of Suzdal at the Pechersky Monastery, the gate church of Yevfimiy of Suzdal; in 1648 he built the Assumption Church and the archimandrite's quarters.[1] He died in late 1650. The architect's family was entered into the memorial register of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin's Cathedral of the Transfiguration.[2]

Work in Moscow and Other Cities

After completing the Cathedral of the Archangel Michael, Antip was sent by government decree to Vyazma to build stone towers for the fortress.[1] In 1634 he returned to Moscow, where together with Trefil Sharutin he built the three-tent Church of the Transfiguration at the Alekseyevsky Monastery.[2] In 1635–1636, in collaboration with the architects Bazhen Ogurtsov, Trefil Sharutin, and Larion Ushakov, he built the Terem Palace of the Moscow Kremlin, the Church of the Savior-behind-the-Gates, and raised the height of the Trinity (Kuretnaya) Tower.[1]

In 1641 Antip was sent to Vladimir to restore the Golden Gate, erecting above it a three-tent Church of the Deposition of the Robe according to his own estimate.[2] In 1642–1643, together with Larion Ushakov, he restored the Cathedral of the Dormition in the Moscow Kremlin; for this work he was rewarded with 10 arshins of damask silk, 5 arshins of taffeta, and 4 arshins of English broadcloth.[1] In 1643 he repaired the chambers of the royal physician Windelin Sibelist and began construction of the Kremlin's patriarchal stone palace. In 1644 he began building the Church of the Trinity at the suburban estate of Golenishchevo (completed in 1649 by Larion Ushakov) and erected the stone casting hall of the state Cannon Yard.[2] Afterwards, owing to illness, he left for Nizhny Novgorod, where he spent the last years of his life.

Sources

  1. Konstantinov Antip — a brief biography, life and work | Discover Moscow (um.mos.ru) — Konstantinov Antip — a brief biography, life and work — Discover…
  2. Vozoulin Antip Konstantinovich (names52.ru)