Pochtovy Descent (formerly Uspensky Descent, Kooperativny) — descends from Ilyinskaya Street to Rozhdestvenskaya Street.

There are several ways to descend from Ilyinka to Rozhdestvenskaya Street, and one of them is via Pochtovy Descent, which historically bore the name Uspensky, after the nearby Uspensky Church. The descent runs through a ravine that Khramtsovsky also called Uspensky. The most well-known structure on today's Pochtovy Descent is house no. 21, the "Kashirin House Museum" — the home of writer Maxim Gorky's grandfather — which has been turned into a museum-apartment and is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city. No documentary records of the construction of the house where young Alyosha Peshkov spent his childhood years have survived, but history has preserved some details. V. V. Kashirin, who had relocated to Nizhny Novgorod from Balakhna, purchased a wooden house in 1852 from the Mozharov townspeople on the descent from Ilyinskaya Street to Rozhdestvenskaya. That same summer he petitioned the Nizhny Novgorod Building Commission to carry out repairs. It turned out, however, that part of the property under the 1839 plan might be taken "for the leveling of Uspensky Descent," and so on 26 August 1852 the guild artisan Kashirin was permitted "to re-roof the house in places, to relay floors inside it, to rebuild stoves, and to repair window and door frames" on one condition only: that if necessary, the house be demolished "without demanding compensation from the treasury." The repair work was carried out on the façade and under the supervision of architect N. I. Uzhumedsky-Gritsevich. During a subsequent replanning of Uspensky Descent, the house ended up inside the block, so V. V. Kashirin brought the garden fence forward to the building line while leaving the house itself in its original position. It has survived to the present day in the form it took after the 1852 repairs, when the renovation touched every part of the building (it should be noted that the house itself was built considerably earlier). The estate contained the usual outbuildings and a dye works. In 1855–1857 V. V. Kashirin served as the elected elder of the local dyers' guild; in 1861–1863 he was a deputy of the city duma; and in 1871 — the year Alyosha Peshkov lived in the house — he ranked among the wealthiest residents of Nizhny Novgorod. He would surely have shuddered to learn that his grandson would become a proletarian writer.