Novaya Street runs from Ilyinka to Belinsky Street. It crossed Gorky Square along its main northwest-to-southeast axis, from Bolshaya Yamskaya to Napolno-Monastyrskaya Street. It was designed by I. E. Yefimov and P. D. Gotman in 1835, marked on the confirmed plan of Nizhny Novgorod of 1839, but remained unimproved for a long time.
Only after the square's building lines were definitively established in 1857–1858 was it cut through the kitchen gardens of the outlying houses by the architect N. I. Uzhumedsky-Gritsevich. It then began to be actively built up with private houses and public buildings (the corner of Novaya Square and the street of the same name was occupied by the complex of buildings belonging to the Kutaysov Counts' orphanage).